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Current Perspectives on Cystic Echinococcosis: A Systematic Review

Hawkar A. Nasralla
Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Berun A. Abdalla
Department of Biology, College of Education, University of Sulaimani, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Hiwa O. Abdullah
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Sasan M. Ahmed
Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Fahmi H. Kakamad
Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Shvan H. Mohammed
Xzmat polyclinic, Rizgari, Kalar, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Rawezh Q. Salih
Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Dahat A. Hussein
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Tomas M. Mikael
Kscien Organization for Scientific Research (Middle East Office), Azadi mol, Hamid Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Marwan N. Hassan
Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Hunar A. Hassan
Kscien Organization for Scientific Research (Middle East Office), Azadi mol, Hamid Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Suhaib H. Kakamad
College of Medicine, Department of Immunology and Hematology, Kurdistan University of Medical Science, Sanandaj, Iran
Kayhan A. Najar
Kscien Organization for Scientific Research (Middle East Office), Azadi mol, Hamid Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Karukh K. Mohammed
Smart Health Tower (Raparin Branch), Karux Street, Ranya, Iraq
Diyar A. Omar
Medical Laboratory Technology, Shaqlawa Technical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, Iraq
Shadi H. Sidiq
Department of Nursing, Raparin Technical and Vocational Institute, Rania, Iraq
Fakher Abdullah
Kscien Organization for Scientific Research (Europe office), Rotterdam, Netherlands
Yousif M. Mahmood
Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Abstract
331
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Submitted: January 1, 2025
Published: February 2, 2025
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Abstract

Introduction: Hydatidosis, a zoonotic disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus, is a significant public health concern with notable economic impact. It leads to morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in endemic regions. This study systematically reviews recent literature on cystic echinococcosis (CE) to provide updated insights into its prevalence, impact, and management.
Methods: A systematic review was conducted using PubMed to find original articles on hydatid cysts published between
September 1, 2019, and September 1, 2024. Data extracted included the first author's name, country, publication year, study type, number of cases, clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, cyst location and quantity, cyst status, treatment type and medications, follow-up details, recurrence, and mortality rates. Data were organized and qualitatively analyzed.
Results: A total of 398 articles were identified, of which 229 articles with 1,002 patients met the inclusion criteria. Spain reported the highest number of CE cases at 362 (36.13%). Asia accounted for 487 cases (48.60%), and Europe contributed 460 cases (45.91%). The liver was the most frequently affected organ, accounting for 731 cases (72.95%), followed by the lungs with 110 cases (10.98%), and the kidney with 43 cases (4.29%). The age distribution of the cases showed that 63 (6.29%) were aged between 3 and 18 years.
Conclusion: Hydatidosis remains a significant global public health concern, impacting developing and developed countries. The liver and lungs remain the primary sites of infection. Preventive strategies, including regular animal screening and enhanced public health education, are essential for controlling the spread of the disease.

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How to Cite
Current Perspectives on Cystic Echinococcosis: A Systematic Review. (2025). Judi Clinical Journal, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.70955/JCJ.2025.1

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